Izbor terapijske metode u pacijenata sa hipodoncijom

Abstract

Uvod: Hipodoncija predstavlja razvojno odsustvo jednog do šest zuba. Nepoznate je etiologije, ali se dovodi u vezu sa naslednim faktorom i poremećajima tokom faze inicijacije. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se na osnovu ortopantomografskih snimaka ortodonskih pacijenata proveri učestalost hipodoncije a na osnovu stomatoloških kartona izbor terapijske metode u pacijenata sa hipodoncijom. Metod rada: Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno ukupno 525 pacijenata jedne privatne stomatološke ordinacije u Beogradu. Ova epidemiološka retrospektivna studija je izvedena analiziranjem ortopantomografskih snimaka a određeni podaci su prikupljeni iz zdravstvenih kartona pacijenata. Podaci su razvrstani prema starosti, polu, vilici, strani vilice, nedostajućem zubu, klasi po Angle-u i terapiskoj metodi. Rezultati:Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali da je učestalost hipodoncije 6.28%, i češće je zabeležena kod žena. Od terapijskih metoda najčešće je primenjivano zatvaranje prostora (61%), zatim otvaranje prostora (33%) a najmanje otvaranje i zatvaranje prostora (6%). Između terapijske metode (otvaranje i zatvaranje prostora) i zubne regije sa hipodoncijom (frontalna i premolarna) je uočena statistički značajna korelacija (p LT 0.05).Hipodoncija je češće bila prisutna u donjoj vilici, najčešće su nedostajali donji drugi premolari. Zaključak: Zabeleženaučestalost hipodoncije je 6.28%. Između terapijske metode (otvaranje i zatvaranje prostora) i zubne regije sa hipodoncijom (frontalna i premolarna) postoji statistički značajna korelacija . U frontalnoj regiji je češće primenjivano otvaranje prostora, dok je u premolarnoj regiji češće primenjivano zatvaranje prostora kao terapijska metoda.

Introduction: Hypodontia is a condition where one to six teeth are missing during teeth development. Its etiology is unknown but it can be connected with congenital factor and abnormalities during initiation phase. The aims of this study were to analyse prevalence of hypodontiain ortodontically patients by orthopantomography radiology and the choice of therapy method in.patients with hypodontia by analysing medical documentation. Methods: A ltogether 525 patients from one Dental Office in Belgrade, were included in this research. This epidemic retrospective study was conducted by analyzing orthopantomography radiologies well as with collecting certain data from patients' medical files. All data were classified according to age, gender, jaw, jaw side, missing tooth, class according to Angle and method of therapy. Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 6.28% and it was more often registered in women population. The most common therapy methods was closing space between the teeth (61%) and opening space in (33%). There was statistically significant correlation between treatment modality (opening and closing of the space) and tooth region with hypodontia (frontal and premolar) (p LT 0.05). The occurrence of hypodontia was more obvious in lower jaw, lower second premolars were more often missing. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypodontia was 6.28%. There was statistically significant correlation between treatment modality (opening and closing of the space) and tooth region with hypodontia (frontal and premolar). In the frontal region were more used opening space but in the premolar region were more used closing space.