Softver za DEA metodu

Abstract

DEA je metoda operacionih istraživanja za ocenjivanje efikasnosti sličnih organizacionih jedinica. Primena DEA metode sastoji se od rešavanja nekoliko međusobno povezanih zadataka linearnog programiranja (LP) za svaku od jedinica čiju efikasnost treba oceniti. DEA svaku jedinicu analizira pojedinačno i izračunava maksimalnu meru njenih performansi. Efikasnost svake jedinice se izračunava u odnosu na sve preostale posmatrane jedinice koristeći vrednosti njihovih ulaza i izlaza. Mada se komercijalni LP softveri mogu koristiti za rešavanje osnovnih DEA modela u praksi se koriste specijalizovani programski paketi koji automatizuju sukcesivno rešavanje LP programa, skaliranje ulaznih podataka i izbor modela (u odnosu na orijentaciju i prinos na obim). U ovom radu dat je pregled najpoznatijih softvera za DEA metodu i kratak prikaz dva softvera koja su razvili autori ovog rada.

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is operations research method for assessing the efficiency of similar organizational units. Its application consists of solving several mutually connected linear programming tasks for each unit. It analyzes each unit separately and calculates a maximal performance measure for each one. The efficiency of each unit is calculated in relation to all the other units, using the actual observed values for the outputs and inputs of each unit. Although conventional linear programming software could solve the basic DEA models, in practice mainly the specialized DEA software packages are applied. Specialized DEA codes automate the successive running of LP programs, the scaling of data and the choice of models (their orientation and returns to scale). The review of the best-known specialized DEA software packages is presented in this paper. Also, two DEA software packages, which developed by the authors of this paper, are presented.