Analiza profitabilnosti hotelijerskih preduzeća u Republici Srbiji

Abstract

Svrha istraživanja je da ispita nivo i kretanje pokazatelja profitabilnosti hotelijerskih preduzeća iz Republike Srbije u periodu od 2016. do 2019. godine. Istraživanje je izvršeno na uzorku od 100 hotelijerskih preduzeća, pri čemu je profitabilnost merena stopom poslovnog dobitka, stopom neto dobitka, stopom prinosa na ukupna sredstva i stopom prinosa na sopstveni kapital. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da vrednosti korišćenih pokazatelja profitabilnosti rastu u 2017. u odnosu na 2016. godinu, ali opadaju u 2018. i 2019. godini. Statističkom analizom je utvrđeno da promene stope poslovnog dobitka i stope neto dobitka tokom posmatranog četvorogodišnjeg perioda nisu statistički značajne, dok su pad vrednosti stope prinosa na ukupna sredstva u 2018. u odnosu na 2017. godinu i pad stope prinosa na sopstveni kapital u 2018. u odnosu na 2017. godinu i 2019. u odnosu na 2017. godinu, statistički značajni. Rezultati istraživanja mogu biti od značaja za menadžment preduzeća, kao i za njegove vlasnike, jer omogućavaju sagledavanje nivoa profitabilnosti poverenih preduzeća, odnosno, preduzeća koja se nalaze u njegovom vlasništvu, ali i investitorima i kreatorima politike razvoja turizma.

The purpose of the research is to examine the level and trends of profitability ratios of hotel companies operating in the Republic of Serbia in the period from 2016 to 2019. The research was conducted on a sample of 100 hotel companies, where profitability was measured by the operating profit rate, the net profit rate, the rate of return on total assets and the rate of return on equity. The results of the research show that the values of the used profitability indicators have increased in 2017 compared to 2016, but decreased in 2018 and 2019. Statistical analysis found that changes in the operating profit rate and net profit rate during the observed four-year period were not statistically significant, while the decline in the value of the rate of return on total assets in 2018 compared to 2017 and the decline in the rate of return on equity in 2018 compared to 2017 and in 2019 compared to 2018 was statistically significant. The results of the research can be important for (1) the management of a company, (2) its owners, because they enable gaining an insight into the level of profitability of entrusted companies, i.e. the companies that are in the ownership, and (3) investors and creators of tourism development policy.