Pitanje ekološke održivosti populacionog rasta

Abstract

Ovaj rad se sastoji iz tri dela. Polazni stav prvog dela je da tehničkotehnološka modernizacija, pored nesumnjivih koristi, donosi i određene probleme koji rezultiraju dugotrajnom ekološkom krizom. Jedan od ključnih socijalnoekoloških problema koji se naslanjaju na modernizaciju, je pitanje ubrzanog populacionog rasta koji poslednjih decenija doživljava dramatične razmere. U drugom delu se analiziraju problemi koji slede iz rapidnpog populacionog rasta, kao što su: pitanje očuvanja kvaliteta života i kvaliteta životne sredine, kao i pitanje održivog razvoja. Konstatuje se da narastajući broj stanovnika rapidno ugrožava ključne planetarne resurse (seča šuma, zagađenje vode, vazduha i zemljišta itd.) te da se dalji opstanak ljudske vrste dovodi u pitanje. Posebna pažnja se posvećuje ugrožavanju postojećih zaliha vode što direktno dovodi u opasnost zdravlje i fiziološki opstanak ljudi posebno u velikim gradovima nerazvijenih zemalja. U trećem delu se ukazuje na to da je, pored ostalih mera, bitno razviti adekvatnu ekološku svest (ekocentrizam) koja bi trebalo da podstakne, kako politički moćne, tako i obične ljude da promene svoje navike te da više pažnje posvete očuvanju kvaliteta životne sredine.

This paper consists of three parts. The starting position of the first part is that technical and technological modernization, in addition to the undoubted benefits, also brings some problems that result in a long-term ecological crisis. One of the key social and environmental problems based on modernization is the issue of the dramatic proportions of rapid population growth in the last few decades. The second part of the paper deals with the problems that follow from rapid population growth, such as preserving the quality of life and environmental quality, as well as the issue of sustainable development. It is pointed out that the growing population rapidly endangers the planet's key resources (deforestation, water, air, and soil pollution, etc.) and that the survival of the human species is at stake. Special attention is paid to the violation of the existing water supplies, which directly threatens the health and physiological survival of people, especially in the big cities of underdeveloped countries. The third part of the paper shows that, among other things, it is essential to develop adequate environmental awareness (ecocentrism), which should encourage both the politically powerful and ordinary people to change their habits and to devote more attention to the preservation of the environment.